Chehlum

Titik Nol 160: Akhir Sebuah Perkabungan

Mahfil, menutup masa perkabungan meninggalnya Haji Sahab (AGUSTINUS WIBOWO) Saya masih ingat nuansa pilu pada acara perkabungan di bawah rintik hujan itu. Almarhum Haji Sahab meninggalkan berbagai kenangan di sanubari penduduk Noraseri. Tak lama lagi masa berkabung empat puluh hari ini akan berlalu. Sekali lagi saya menginap di rumah almarhum Pak Haji yang didiami janda dan putra-putrinya. Kali ini saya datang setelah menerima undangan peringatan chehlum, empat puluh hari, kepergian almarhum. Rumah Haji Sahab kali ini jauh lebih meriah daripada biasanya. Semua sanak saudara dan kerabat berdatangan untuk memperingati hari terpenting dalam rentetan acara perkabungan ini. “Ini kawan saya,” kata Hafizah dengan ramah, memperkenalkan seorang wanita. ‘Teman’ yang dimaksud ternyata saudara iparnya. Kemudian ada lagi ‘kawan’ yang lain, yang ternyata bibinya. Ada puluhan ‘kawan’, datang dari segenap penjuru Kashmir dan Punjab untuk memanjatkan doa untuk almarhum. Bocah-bocah berlarian ke sana ke mari, loncat ke sini, loncat ke sana. Terkadang suara tangis menambah semrawutnya suasana rumah ini. Chehlum, bagi Bu Haji, adalah sebuah kesempatan bahagia yang cukup langka. Tidak sering sanak saudara bisa berkumpul seperti ini. Bu Haji cukup sibuk, setiap ada tamu yang datang beliau menemani para tamu memanjatkan doa bagi almarhum Haji Sahab. Tetapi beliau masih sangat bersemangat dengan [...]

April 3, 2015 // 0 Comments

Titik Nol (156): Mandi Darah

Zanjir terayun (AGUSTINUS WIBOWO) Darah segar mengaliri punggung bocah-bocah kecil belasan tahun ini. Beberapa tetes terciprat ke wajah dan pakaian saya. Semua orang hanyut dalam nuansa perkabungan, peringatan empat puluh hari wafatnya Imam Hussain dalam perang Karbala. Sepuluh Muharram tahun 61 Hijriyah, atau 680 Masehi, Hussain bin Ali bin Abi Thalib, cucu Nabi Muhammad S.A.W, gugur dalam pertempuran di perang Karbala melawan khalifah Yazid. Lebih dari 1300 tahun berselang, umat Syiah di Pakistan memperingati peristiwa itu dengan bermandi darah. Saya didampingi seorang pria tua berjenggot lebat yang mengaku sebagai petugas lapangan acara peringatan Chehlum hari ini. Pak tua bukan hanya memberi tahu saya harus ke mana dan meliput apa, malah masih membantu saya memanjat tembok dan pagar untuk mendapatkan angle yang bagus untuk liputan prosesi akbar ini. Pelataran masjid Syiah Muzaffarabad dipenuhi oleh pria yang berbaris bersaf-saf, berhadap-hadapan. Mereka semua bertelanjang dada atau berkaus kutang putih. Bersamaan, mereka mengayunkan lengan kanan tinggi-tinggi, kemudian dilecutkan ke dada masing-masing dengan keras. Plak..! Kemudian lengan kiri diangkat, dipukulkan dengan kencang ke dada. Plak…! Berulang-ulang, bertalu-talu. Gemuruh pukulan serempak di dada ratusan orang berhamoni bak musik pengiring. Kadang lembut dan lambat, kadang cepat dan penuh histeria. Orang-orang ini seakan tersihir dalam maatam, memukuli dada [...]

March 30, 2015 // 2 Comments

Titik Nol 155: Para Pengikut Ali

Mengikatkan bendera (AGUSTINUS WIBOWO) Suasana kesedihan menggelayut di Muzaffarabad. Para pria serempak memukuli dadanya. Anak-anak menyambitkan pisau tajam. Darah di mana-mana. Empat puluh hari yang lalu, 10 Muharram, adalah hari yang paling sedih sepanjang tahun. Ratusan orang berkumpul di lapangan, menangis bersama-sama, memukuli diri, dan menyambitkan rantai pisau sambil meratap. Darah segar mengalir, tetapi sama sekali tidak menghalangi jalannya upacara. Bulan Muharram adalah bulan penuh kesedihan. Warna hitam bertabur di seluruh pelosok kota. Lengang, karena tidak ada yang menyalakan musik lagu-lagu Hollywood. Yang terdengar sekarang adalah lantunan irama maatam, tangan yang menepuk dada berirama sebagai lambang berkambung, dan lagu-lagu yang mengalir melankolis, meratapi kematian Hussain dan kejamnya perang Qarbala. Hari ini, 20 Safar, adalah berakhirnya masa perkabungan yang empat puluh hari itu. Orang Pakistan menyebutnya sebagai Hari Chehlum, dari bahasa Farsi yang artinya ‘hari ke-40’. Bagi umat Syiah, memperingati Chehlum hampir sama pentingnya dengan memperingati Ashura. Walaupun mayoritas penduduk Pakistan menganut sekte Sunni, Chehlum juga diperingati sebagai hari libur nasional. Saya mengunjungi sebuah masjid umat Syiah di pusat kota Muzaffarabad, tidak jauh dari bazaar utama. “Kamu Muslim?” tanya Hamdani, seorang pria tiga puluhan mengenakan shalwar kamiz hitam-hitam, warna perkabungan. Hamdani mengaku sebagai penjaga keamanan upacara peringatan [...]

March 27, 2015 // 0 Comments

Esfahan – Arbain

20 Safar in Islamic lunar calendar is remembered by the Shiite Muslims as Arbain. In Arabic, Arbain means 40. Arbain marks the 40th day after the death of Imam Hossain (10 Muharram, known as Ashura) in the holy war of Qarbala against Muawiyyah dynasty led by Yazid. When I was in Pakistan, I followed the Shiite’s 40 days of mourning, since Ashura (10 Muharram) until Chehlum (20 Safar). In Pakistan, Arbain is known as Chehlum, a Farsi word which means ‘the fortieth’. Interestingly in Iran, the country where Farsi is spoken, they chose to use Arabic word to name the day. Chehlum in Pakistan is a bloody procession. Young boys paraded on streets of earthquake-torn town of Muzaffarabad, while whipping themselves with sharp knives known as zanjir. Check Chehlum Gallery and Chehlum in Muzaffarabad At that time I didn’t speak Farsi and I was unaware that the Shiites in Pakistan used huge amount of terms taken from Farsi language. Interestingly when I attended the procession in Iran, they preferred to use Arabic terms. In Esfahan I experienced a very different way of commemorating Arbain, the end of the mourning period. I went to the Imam Square. Most shops were closed. [...]

March 10, 2007 // 0 Comments

Noraseri – The End of Mourning Days

Mahfil, another party to commemmorate the 40th day after the death of Mister Hajji April 2, 2006 The time passed very fast. When I came to Noraseri for the first time, the ground was dry and the hills were yellow. But spring had touched Kashmir, that the flowers had blossomed and the hills were carpeted by green rugs. It had been at least forty days since my first coming here. And the project of Danish Muslim Aid NGO had almost finished. The neighboring families had a queue to invite the personnel of the NGO to their house to have dinner or lunch. Three days ago it was Uncle Bashir’s family, then Doctor Shahab, then we had breakfast in Afaq’s house, and yesterday it was the turn of Farman Shah. The work had almost been completed. The dispensary was just some wood sticks, but now it had been walled and roofed by CGI sheets. Two days ago I came back from Muzaffarabad to make documentation of the NGO works in Pattika and yesterday it was the day of Harama and Noraseri. Most of the people were cooperative, except one woman who refused to put the emblem in her house saying that [...]

April 2, 2006 // 0 Comments

Noraseri – Majlis in Noraseri

March 22, 2006 Roof top gathering Yesterday was the Chehlum, the forty day of the mourning period of the death of Imam Hussain, the third Imam of Shia Muslim sect. Farman Shah telephoned to our office and invited me to join the majlis which would be held in his house. Farman Shah lived in Noraseri, not far from our camp in the village. Farman Shah and his family were all from Shia sect, the Aliwallahs. Majlis, the speech which was held everyday during the mourning period of Muharram until Chehlum, would deliver the story of the death of Imam Hussain. And more than often, the speech brought tears to all of the audience. The Chehlum majlis, as the Ashura majlis (the death day of the Imam) was among the biggest and the most important. I departed early in the morning from Muzaffarabad together with Tajjamal (I called him Taj Mahal), a guy from Noraseri who lived in Muzaffarabad. He came early in the morning, when I was not prepared yet and was still shocked by the whole day of Chehlum self-beating and self-torturing. He rushed me, I was rushed. The transport was not easy either. There was no bus going [...]

March 22, 2006 // 0 Comments

Muzaffarabad – Chehlum

March 21, 2006 It’s real blade The mourning of the death of the Prophet’s grandson, Hazrat Hussain, who was killed in a war in Qarbala, 1400 years ago, still continued until the fortieth day after Ashura. It was 20 Safar, 40 days after 10 Muharram, the final day of all of the mourning. I had experienced the Ashura celebration in Lahore, which was an astonished experience. For Chehlum, I had it in Muzaffarabad. I came quite early in the morning, 12 noon, to the Shia mosque near the chowk of Medina Market. The mosque itself was not big, signified by the black huge flag, distinctive of Shia mosques. An attendant there said that before the earthquake, the mosque was always crowded during this time of the year. But now, many of the believers had gone. Indeed, the majlis was not crowded, the people who came was only about a quarter of the number the space can handle. The majlis speech, delivered in language more about the same as Urdu, also brought the listeners to hysteria. Ya Hussain e The mourning parade in earthquake zone I was escorted by Hamdani, claimed himself as a policeman, to go around the mosque while [...]

March 21, 2006 // 2 Comments